4/25/2024 0 Comments The shadow work journal pdf reddit![]() ![]() Victims, on the other hand, may have found themselves to be isolated in violent homes, without access to resources, friendship, and/or family networks ( Bettinger-Lopez & Bro, 2020). More specifically, from the perspective of abusers, heightened financial pressures and stress, increased consumption of alcohol or drugs, and the purchase or hoarding of guns in response to quarantine measures could all also be driving increases in violence ( Bettinger-Lopez & Bro, 2020). Increasing DV and IPV may also reflect worse population health, rising unemployment, increased anxiety and financial stress, scarcity of community resources, and other factors ( Emezue, 2020). In Canada, Spain, Germany, the United States (US), and the United Kingdom, DV cases and demand for emergency shelter also increased during the pandemic ( Voth Schrag et al., 2022).įrequently imposed quarantine increased the contact between perpetrators and victims, potentially leading to underlying increases in the occurrence rates of violence ( Lyons & Brewer, 2021) and/or reports ( Campbell, 2020). In Cyprus and Singapore, calls regarding DV to helplines increased by 30% and 33% after the outbreak of COVID-19, respectively ( Sri et al., 2021). In North America, in the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic, higher number of DV calls to the police were observed ( Matoori et al., 2020). For example, in France, since the lockdown on March 17, 2020, DV cases rose by 30% ( Sri et al., 2021). During the COVID-19 pandemic, DV and intimate partner violence (IPV) increased significantly according to the previous studies ( Bettinger-Lopez & Bro, 2020 Sri et al., 2021 Wood et al., 2020). The findings highlight the importance of identifying and providing help to those who suffer from such violent experiences and support the role of social media site monitoring as a means of informative surveillance for help-providing authorities and violence research groups.ĭomestic violence (DV) is a great social issue ( Mayshak et al., 2022). In the other three pandemic phases, all the IRs for these three types of violence were positive, though lower than the IRs in the first pandemic phase. IRs for DV, IPV, and emotional violence also showed increases across all pandemic phases, with IRs of 26.9%, 58.8%, and 28.8%, respectively, from the pre-pandemic to the first pandemic phase. We found that the number of IPV-related posts increased most in the earliest phase however, that for COVID-citing IPV was highest in the mid-pandemic phase. The phases include one pre-pandemic phase ( Phase 0, the date before February 26, 2020) and four pandemic phases ( Phases 1–4) with separation dates of June 17, 2020, September 7, 2020, and June 4, 2021. The increase rate (IR) of each violence type was calculated and temporally compared in five phases of the pandemic. Specifically, we collected violence-related texts from Reddit using keyword searching and identified six major types with supervised machine learning classifiers: DV, IPV, physical violence, sexual violence, emotional violence, and nonspecific violence or others. This study analyzed seven violence-related subreddits to investigate the trends of different violence patterns from January 2018 to February 2022 to enhance the health-service providers’ existing service or provide some new perspective for existing violence research. ![]() ![]() Social media such as Reddit represent an alternative outlet for reporting experiences of violence where healthcare access has been limited. Concerns have been raised over the experiences of violence such as domestic violence (DV) and intimate partner violence (IPV) during the COVID-19 pandemic. ![]()
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